The Letter Of A Birmingham Jail By Bryan Loritts - 877 Words

In the Letter to a Birmingham Jail edited by Bryan Loritts, the reader is given several reflections from various individuals who were influenced by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. s A Letter from Birmingham Jail. These various accounts contain an overall theme of injustice, inequality and focus on how the church plays a pivotal role in correcting such societal issues. In the section, A Painful Joyful Journey, the reader reviews the life of Crawford W. Lorittis Jr. and his navigation in the North as an educated black man. In this section he addresses the many societal adjustments he had to encounter throughout life. Often criticized by both the Black and White community, Lorritis sought validation from both groups, as a way to gain self-worth. Proving Yourself to Whites Taking into consideration the controversial and unjust time period, Lorittis Northern upbringing was very progressive in comparisons to most black families living within the South. Reflecting on his childhood Lorittis states, I did not grow up feeling uncomfortable around white people; nor did I feel the need for their approval in order for me to feel good about myself (137). His parents migrating to the North afforded him a better living, and as a result a he was raised in a moderately secured environment. With that said, the majority of Lorittis schooling was integrated and as a result he truly didn t feel the effects of segregation and racism. When entering his predominate white college, it is

Essay on Comparison of The Giver and Brave New World

What one may think of as being a Utopia could be a dystopia to another. Lowis Lowry’s 1993 novel â€Å"The Giver† may seem like a remake of the 1932 â€Å"Brave New World† by Aldous Huxley given their similar plot lines, but these two novels also have their differences. Jonas and Bernard, the protagonists of the novels, both have an intelligence that wants to know more, that wants to know what is outside of this Utopian place they live in. Both Lowry and Huxley have very different family situations. Lastly, both these societies live in their own definitions of Utopia, but the roots of their government have a resemblance to Plato’s Republic. Although Jonas is very young in age, similar to Bernard, he has a deep curiosity for things that are†¦show more content†¦The way the men speak of the women disgusts Bernard; they act as if the women are pieces of meat. Both men from both novels have some sort of physical flaw that outcasts them from the rest of the people. Bernard is shorter than most and Jonas has unusual eyes. The family situation is quite different in both novels. The members of The Giver community have a structure quite like ours. Each family unit has a mother, father, daughter and son. In Huxley’s novel, each person lives alone in an apartment. They have no spouse or child. The only partners they have are their temporary sexual partners. It is discouraged for them to have one partner for a long period of time. Birth in both societies is significantly dissimilar. Birthmothers, in Lowry’s novel, are the only women that give birth to children. They do not get to keep the child, or even see the child. These children are then sent to Nurturing Centers, where they spend one year before being sent to live with a family. In â€Å"Brave New World† there is no woman that sits through a nine month pregnancy. All babies come to life at the Central London Hatchery and Conditioning Centre. The lower caste systems, Gamma, Delta and Epsilons, undergo the Bokanovsky Process. Most o f the women in the society are freemartins and they are required to use the Malthusian Drill, which is a form of birth control. Similar to how the â€Å"Brave New World† community members are conditioned toShow MoreRelatedMass Consumption And Mass Production Essay2183 Words   |  9 Pagescompensate for their suppression. In the field of economics mass consumption is an economic theory; and economists define mass- consumption society as the society in which all people expand their range of consumer goods. The idea of mass consumption is new in the human history because it requires mass production and both are based on the development of science and technology. Mass consumption and mass production require opulence which was not available in the past. In 1964 George Katona, the AmericanRead MoreFahrenheit 451 And Red Scarf Girl1299 Words   |  6 Pagessocialist governments inflict such grief and lack of freedom upon the people. In some ways, I can infer similarities of bo th these phenomenal-books within certain aspects of my own life. As well as, to the current social and governmental trends of the world and most of all I can relate both books together! Primarily, Fahrenheit 451 and Red scarf girl can relate to some of my experiences. I also, identified with certain characteristics of my personality within both books. In particular, ClarisseRead MoreEssay on A Comparison of the Sea in Beowulf and The Seafarer1446 Words   |  6 Pagesout into the beyond on a â€Å"death ship.† In the Geat land Beowulf, a â€Å"crafty sailor,† and his men â€Å"shoved the well-braced ship out on the journey they’d dreamed of,† to rescue the Danes from Grendel. â€Å"From far over the sea’s expanse,† the Geats came, â€Å"brave men who come over the sea swells.† In his welcoming speech Hrothgar recalls that the hero’s father â€Å"sought us Danes over the rolling waves,† and his warrior Unferth remembers that the hero â€Å"struggled with Brecca [youthful companion] in the broad seaRead MoreLexical Stylistic Devices1743 Words   |  7 Pagesfantastic terrors; voiceless sands;                unearthly beauty; deep feelings; sleepless bay.                Fixed epithets (stock images) are mostly used in ballads and folk-songs: ‘true love’, ‘dark forest’, ‘sweet Sir’, green wood’; ‘good ship’, ‘brave cavaliers’.                From the point of view of their compositional structure epithets may be divided into simple, compound, phrase and sentence epithets. 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However, the poet never intends to present a world where women are powerful; rather, these women constitute a metaphor for other anti-social forces and dangers outside th e control of feudalism and chivalry which a medieval world genders female because of a set of biblical and classical models which establish anything subversive as feminine. Much of the identification of women withRead MoreMartin Buber5681 Words   |  23 Pagespractical, realistic workers who would create a utopian world. In fact, this dichotomy which began in the Renaissance and became a gaping wound in the 17th and 18th centuries as we embraced science and reason as our god, has allowed for 20th century aberrations like Hitler and his Aryan ubermenchen or Stalin and his totalitarian state. Clearly, the 20th century mind is in dire need of healing. But only reinventing a healthy vision of humans in the world, one which integrates both the rational bent andRead MoreConsumer Behavior Study Notes7882 Words   |  32 PagesExposure Exposure: the degree to which people notice a stimulus that is within range of their sensory receptors Sensory Thresholds Psychophysics: the science that focuses on how the physical environment is integrated into our personal, subjective world The absolute threshold Absolute threshold: the minimum amount of stimulation that can be detected on a sensory channel The differential threshold Differential threshold: the ability of a sensory system to detect changes in a stimulus or differencesRead MorePrefixation Inthe English Language and Its Role in Enriching the English16589 Words   |  67 PagesPrefixation. Some debatable problems†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦28 2.2. Classification of prefixes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..33 2.3. Productive and non-productive word building prefixes†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦41 2.4. Some prefixes in the English language in comparison with the Uzbek language†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.52 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦.57 The list of used literature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..61 INTRODUCTION This Qualification Paper is devoted to the theme  «Prefixation in the EnglishRead MoreParental Grief Essay14598 Words   |  59 Pagesreflecting on parental grief-a childs death is disorienting, and letting go of a child is impossible. Parents never forget a child who dies. The bond they formed with their child extends beyond death. As survivors, bereaved parents try to adapt to the new existence forced on them. They try to pass on to others the love and other special gifts they received from their child; they try to make the child who died a part of their lives forever; they constantly try to honor the child who should have lived

Diary of a Slave on a Plantation free essay sample

Today, I arrived at the plantation with my younger brother. Cannot believe that I had survived the entire Journey from Africa to America below deck. Even though, I had tried to kill myself, twice, by not eating. Alas, they prevented me by placing some sort of screw device in my mouth in order to open it and force me to eat. After the second attempt, I realized there will be no one to take care of my young brother, so I tried my best to keep myself, and my brother, alive. We had some trouble when a customer bought me.I argued with my master to also buy my brother with me, in which he finally agreed, but for half the price. I have always heard rumors about masters that whip slaves who dont do their Job. I fear for my brother more than myself, for he does not do well with following orders. We will write a custom essay sample on Diary of a Slave on a Plantation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page My master shoved us Inside the barn, where he told us the rules of the place. Finally, when he finished blabbering, he gave us the tools to start working. Then while working, I realized we were the only slaves around. October 14, 1857 Work. Work. Work. That word is now stuck in my head.I cannot remember anything that happened in the past few months except working. Occasionally, My Master beats us up for fun. He picks up a whip on his way out, whips us a few times, then he goes on to his outing. The same thing happens when he gets home. Until today. Today, his wife got out of the house for the first time, with suitcases packed up. Then my master yelled at her from the door and slammed It shut. He got out late at night, which was unusual for him, because he usually closes his lights at 9:pep. M. When he came back, about 2:AAA. M. , he looked drunk like hell.He grabbed the stone whip, with spikes on the edge. He has never touched that whip ever, must have saved it for disobedient slaves; luckily we are as good as a lamb. Then he grabbed my brother, waking him from his sleep, and whipped him hard. I was shocked of what he did. I tried to fight him for my brother, but he would Just whip me once and go on with my brother. I then pleaded him to hit me instead, but he Just wouldnt listen. Then finally, he stopped. Amazingly, I saw tears drop from his eyes. Tears actually coming out, but I am not sure if it was for killing my brother or he loss of his wife.When I saw my brother, I knew it was too late he was dead. February 27, 1858 It has been quiet since my brother died. It felt Like everything died with him. I could no longer hear the birds singing, or feel the wind passing by. Even my master has stopped whipping me: maybe he doesnt want to risk losing another slave. His Then I saw my master leaving the house, he looked at me for a minute, then looked at the plantation. He realized that more work had been done when my brother was alive. Then he went on. When he came back, he brought with him a slave, a female lave. She was beautiful, like the sun rising from the east. I felt that my worries had left me. Then I saw my master smiling, he must have wanted us to get married, and have children. That way, he could get free slaves. When my master left, I went up to the woman. She Just kept on working, pretending to not know I was there. Until I coughed, did she turn around to look at me. I realized that my master gave us quick glances to see how we are doing. At night, I decided to sleep on the hay sack and let the woman sleep on the bed. For it would be strange or two people of the opposite gender, to sleep in the same bed without getting married.December 3, 1858 Today, my wife is expecting her first child. Of course, my master gladly funded the doctor, for he was cheaper than a slave. I could hear my wifes screams of pain. I was pacing back and forth outside the house, waiting to hear the news. Until finally, the screaming ceased, and the doctor came out rubbing his glasses. It is a boy, he told me. My face grew to a wide grin, tears almost falling from my eyes. I could not stop thanking the doctor and shaking his hands. Then I remembered my brother. I grew silent and sat on the porch.The tears in my eyes finally fell across my cheeks. Oh how I wish my brother was here to see my son. He would have been happy to be a role model for him. My master came out of the house with a smile on his face. He now has a third slave to work on his plantation. He saw my state of remorse, and welcomed me inside to see my son and clean up. He told me that he is going to make a celebration for the birth of my son (his new slave). When I went inside, I washed my face so that I would not ruin the happy moment for my wife. I came in the room. I saw my wife holding he baby between her arms.Tears of Joy falling from her eyes. She looked at me with a bright smile across her face. September 30, 1865 After the Civil War, my family was set free. We decided however, to stay at the plantation and get paid for our work. This was the only thing we were good at. My almost 7-year old son, my wife, and I will stay here where I buried my brother. We couldnt think of a way to live if we ever set foot in other towns. My boss, former master, gladly accepted the offer of us getting paid. Even though it was a small amount, it was still enough to keep us living.

Gasoline Essay Research Paper The price of free essay sample

Gasoline Essay, Research Paper The monetary value of gasolene is a major involvement to about everyone in the state and about everyplace in the universe. It seems that every month or even more often, gas monetary values are either lifting or dropping but neer remaining stable. Gasoline monetary values are affected by many factors, including the monetary value of rough oil in the universe market, supply and demand for gasolene, local market competition, impermanent supply breaks, authorities ordinances, or taxes.Gasoline is produced by a distillment procedure where petroleum oil is heated and exhausts are captured and converted into many merchandises such as kerosine, jet fuel, and gasolene to call a few. Therefore the monetary value of rough oil, which is extracted from oil Wellss beneath the Earth s surface, is a major factor in gas monetary values. The five prima oil bring forthing states and their approximative portions of the universe supply of oil are: Soviet Union 21 % , Saudi Arabia 17 % , The United States 15 % , Venezuela 4 % , and Mexico 4 % . These five states made up 61 % of the universes oil production back in 1980. Even though the United States is a major manufacturer of oil, it does non do them self-sufficing. The United States uses more oil than they can bring forth and must look toward foreign states. Therefore, the United States is forced to cover with an organisation called O.P.E.C. The ground the United States goes through O.P.E.C. , is non merely in its ain involvements, but besides in the involvements of its Alliess and in the involvement of keeping universe peace. O.P.E.C. which stands for Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, is made up of 13 states: Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Qatar, Indonesia, Libya, United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, and Gabon. It controls about four fifths of the universes oil militias in the non-Communist universe. O.P.E.C. was founded in Baghdad, Iraq in September of 1960. The central offices were ab initio set in Geneva, but were subsequently mo ved to Vienna in 1965. O.P.E.C. was organized in response to oil bring forthing states that did non confer with with the Middle Eastern oil provinces before take downing their rough oil monetary values. The manufacturers feared that other states would set up monopolies. The purpose of O.P.E.C. was to make a cosmopolitan monetary value between the states, in order to guarantee peace between oil manufacturers throughout the universe. O.P.E.C. besides wanted to supply its members with proficient and economic support in times of demand, since non all the states were wholly stable. Even though the end of O.P.E.C. was to set up steadfastly incorporate monetary values among their members, the organisation was non ever successful. In their quest for control over the universe market of oil production, they have run into several obstructions and setbacks.O.P.E.C. has hardly survived due to internal struggles among its members. Since O.P.E.C. about has a complete clasp on the universes oil sup ply, the United States is highly concerned with the countries instability. The Middle East and the Persian Gulf country, where most of the members are located, are highly prone to wars, both civil and transverse boundary lines. They are frequently plagued by spiritual conflicts and places of power are often overthrown, doing it difficult for any stableness to come out of the country. Anytime there is pandemonium in the Middle East, the United States thinks back on # 8220 ; # 8230 ; memories of other problems in the Persian Gulf country: the Arab oil trade stoppage in 197374, the Persian revolution in 197980 and Saddam Hussein s invasion of Kuwait in 1990 # 8243 ; ( Hancock 53 ) . The country is besides critical to our Alliess, who would be crippled without Gulf oil, whose support we are dependent on. In 1973, O.P.E.C. raised oil monetary values 70 % . # 8220 ; The dominant Middle Eastern members of O.P.E.C. used succeeding monetary value additions as a political arm. They aimed it at Western states in revenge for their support of Israel against its Arab neighbours in the alleged Yom Kippur War of October 1973. They consequently raised monetary values another 130 % at the Tehran Conference of December 1973, and a impermanent trade stoppage was placed on the United States and the Netherlands at the same time. # 8220 ; Other monetary value additions followed in 1975, 1977, 1979, and 1980, which finally raised the monetary value of a barrel of rough oil in The United States from $ 3.00 in 1973 to $ 30.00 in 1980 # 8243 ; ( Glasner 107 ) . Almost every college pupil has heard narratives from friends or relations about the gas crunch in the 1970 s. People waited in lines that stretched for stat mis, and could merely acquire gas on certain yearss depending on the first missive of your last name. O.P.E.C. used the money they raised to put in other states, placed in foreign Bankss, currency markets, and to assist their ain economic systems through inner developme nt. O.P.E.C. is besides highly interested in maximising net incomes, but in such a trust, happening a monetary value that will maximise net incomes is impossible. O.P.E.C. has attempted to raise monetary values several times by cutting production. Harmonizing to economic theory, a lessening in supply will give higher monetary values. These are some of the grounds the United States must offer stableness and continue to hold military personnels in the country. They must step in when the universes oil and its monetary values are in jeopardy.Currently rough oil monetary values are lifting due to the bombardments in Saudi Arabia. # 8220 ; It has continued to surge, to more than $ 24 a barrel, up 34 % from one twelvemonth ago, the highest degree since the 1991 Persian Gulf War # 8221 ; ( Borenstein 49 ) . O.P.E.C. has contributed this addition to several factors: foremost, the lifting demand of rough oil throughout the universe. Second, the tight stock lists because of the belief that s upplies are traveling to run low. Third, the current convulsion that exists in the country and 4th, the heating demands of the abnormally cold winter. These factors have already raised the monetary values of Diesel fuel, jet fuel, and place warming oil. This is of major concern to teamsters, air hoses, and place warming oil companies. Because of these monetary value additions, air hose ticket monetary values will besides increase. These are merely a few of the elements that affect monetary values, but none of them have adequate power to greatly alter the monetary values that exist at the pumps. The demand of rough oil is ever cy clical. The United States demands more gasolene in spring and summer months than in the autumn or winter, due to people driving more. The current tendency in vehicles has moved to larger sport public-service corporation vehicles from little economic system autos of the yesteryear. These big athletics public-service corporation vehicles consumes more gas and gets fewer stat mis per gallon. The state is invariably seeking for new and more efficient signifiers of energy. More significantly the state is seeking for agencies of energy that will non do Americans poorer. Another break of the U.S. production of oil came during the spring of 1990 when Iraq accused Kuwait and the United Arab Emirates of restricting oil production. This badly down universe oil monetary values and cost Iraq one million millions of dollars in one-year gross. On August 2, 1990, the president of Iraq, Saddam Hussein, invaded and occupied the little Arab province of Kuwait. Hussein set afire 730 of Kuwait s oil Wellss that spilled elephantine pools of oil and killed all environing carnal life. Even though Hussein burned and spilled Kuwait s oil, it did non straight affect the monetary value of gasolene in the U.S. This small crisis, which is known as the Gulf War, cost Iraq states purchasing their oil and wasted a valuable natural resource that could someday be gone from the earth.Recently, Saddam Hussein has threatened fuel resources once more. Hussein does non O.K. of the United Nations look intoing his private castles for chemical warfare arms, so he has made it even harde r to purchase fuel from Iraq. Purportedly he has landmines around the oil Wellss so no 1 can travel near them. Several breaks in the United States production of oil have staggered the state # 8217 ; s production. The United States is the lone major oil bring forthing state where the land proprietor has owned oil bring forthing evidences and non belongings of the authorities. This makes for inefficient boring since one party is non wholly responsible for garnering all the oil. Average productions per good are merely 15 barrels per twenty-four hours, far less than any other oil bring forthing states. Alaska has the best oil bring forthing land, but due to the land and rough clime, it makes it difficult to garner. Developing methods of transit which slows assemblage of the oil is besides really expensive. # 8220 ; Several refineries ; on the West Coast, in the East and on the Gulf Coast, have experienced operational troubles which affected merchandise supplies in the market place # 8221 ; ( Goulder 187 ) It is rumored that there are supply armored combat vehicles buried someplace near the Gulf of Mexico that could back up the state for 66 yearss if anything were to go on. The United States and other states have been looking into alternate signifiers of energy to take down their dependence toward foreign oil. Money is being spent into researching solar, hydro, atomic, and jump signifiers of energy.Government ordinances besides create alterations in gas monetary values. California has late gone through monetary value additions at the pumps due to new statute law. The province is to a great extent overpopulated and has the worst smog of all the provinces. California gas Stationss are altering to a cleansing agent gas that will do less air pollution, but will be more expensive. The addition is about 1012 cents. That is the monetary value Californians are traveling to hold to pay for cleaner air. This is another authorities ordinance which they aim toward the refin ers of the oil. The authorities is seting force per unit area to alter from their winter classs which they oxygenate, to summer classs that have lower evaporability, assisting the environment. The cost to exchange fuels shows up at the pumps and the populace has to pay for governmental research and environmental safeguards. Even with the addition in monetary values, the United States doesn Ts have it every bit bad as other states. The U.S. pays an norm of $ 1.21 per gallon of gasolene. Japan pays $ 5.35 per gallon, Germany pays $ 4.04 per gallon, The United Kingdom pays $ 3.38 per gallon and Mexico pays $ 1.55 per gallon. All four are greater than what the United States wages. Taxs are the largest constituent of the monetary values we pay at the pumps. # 8220 ; Taxes were the individual largest constituent cost of gasolene, amounting to 42.4 cents per gallon, including 18.4 cents per gallon in federal revenue enhancements, 22 cents per gallon in leaden mean province revenue enhance ments and an estimated two cents per gallon in local revenue enhancements # 8221 ; ( Goulder 49 ) . The President of The United States of America, Bill Clinton, has on several occasions proposed to increase the revenue enhancements put on gas. In 1993 Clinton proposed a gas revenue enhancement that raised the monetary values at the pumps by 7.5 cents per gallon, a 6 % addition of the monetary value. Then in 1996, Bill Clinton proposed to raise gas revenue enhancements by an extra 2.5 % . Clinton wanted to raise monetary values 10 cents per gallon overall in his four old ages in office, all portion of his # 8220 ; shortage decrease plan. # 8221 ; Clinton s full run was based around non aching the American people with revenue enhancements, but one time in the White House, he has made the record books with the highest sum of gasolene revenue enhancements of all time. Taxs are so much a portion of the monetary values we pay that # 8220 ; +in 1981 when pump monetary values where at a n all clip high of $ 2.27 per gallon, the revenue enhancements were merely 27.7 cents per gallon. The existent cost of motor gasolene to consumers fell by a dollar per gallon between 1981 and 1995, but over the same period federal, province and local motor gasolene revenue enhancements increased by about 15 cents per gallon # 8221 ; ( Chandler 1 ) . Taxes in the United provinces have increased an norm of 15.6 % in the last three old ages. Many factors influence the monetary values of gasolene. The monetary value of rough oil affects gasolene monetary values in the universe market, supply and demand for gasolene, local market competition, impermanent supply breaks, authorities ordinances, or revenue enhancements. Every twenty-four hours new things can go on to alter the monetary values that American consumers pay at the pumps. The United States is dependent on foreign oil and must go on to guarantee stableness in the Middle East, or until we have found alternate beginnings of energy . Taxes will go on to mount due to the rise of authorities control. Regulations will go on to go stricter until gasoline use is more environmentally friendly. It looks as if gas monetary values will go on to fluctuate, but over clip will lift.

Honeywell Case Summary Essay Example

Honeywell Case Summary Essay Honeywell, Inc. and Integrated Risk ManagementThe finance committe of Honeywell, Inc. must decide whether to approve a new type of risk management contract or not. This new risk management program is to provide combined protection against Honeywell’s currency translation risk along with all traditionally-insured global risks, in a multiyear, insurance-based, integrated risk management program. The committees vote would depend upon whether the anticipated cost savings of the program could be realized, and whether the coverage it offered was adequate. According to the Exhibits, Honeywell had suffered some risks and volatility. New risk management seemed to be on demand for stabilization. The case study suggests the comparison of the traditional and newly suggested risk management method and the changing points. Also it explains how those things may be valuable.Honeywell’s new risk management basically suggested ‘integration’. Specifically, new risk management suggested 2.5-year insurance-based contract that covered all traditionally insured global risks and currency translation risk (in other words, treasury-based integrated program with trigger option). While traditional risk management tools are a mixture of separate insurances and options, the proposed contract is an insurance with an annual aggregate retention of $30 million with the option. The old policy is repeated annually while the proposed contract is in a 2.5-year period. Additionally, the premium is cheaper than the traditional risk management as through ‘portfolio effect’.According to the simulating results exhibit 9, we can find that the standard deviation of total cost of risk for the proposed program is $3,819,568 while the one for the existing program is 15,793,879. The proposed program can reduce the total risk of the firm if the simulating results are real. To add, the simulated results also show that the estimates annual premium savings is about 20%.Thus , it is real challenge

Elision in Italian - Italian Elision

Elision in Italian - Italian Elision In Italian linguistics, elision is the omission of a unaccented final vowel before a word beginning with a vowel or the (since the letter â€Å"h† is silent). Normally, in spoken Italian, many elisions take place unconsciously, but only a portion of them are accepted forms in written Italian where they are marked with an apostrophe. A phenomenon similar to elision is called vocalic apocopation. It differs from elision, though, since an apostrophe is never used. The Spoken Elision and the Written Elision In theory, elisions are possible whenever two vowels are adjacent at the beginning or end of adjoining words- especially when those vowels are the same. In practice though, elisions have become less frequent in contemporary Italian, which is ironic since the so-called d eufonica has become increasingly common. Certain elisions seem automatic, like how â€Å"lamico - (male) friend† and â€Å"lamica - (female) friend† sound much better than â€Å"lo amico† and â€Å"la amica.† However, others may appear superfluous, like â€Å"una idea  » unidea.† And certain joined elisions result in awkward spellings with more apostrophes than necessary, like â€Å"dunaltra casa - of another home.† Here are the primary words that can be elided in Italian: Lo, la (as articles or pronouns), una and compounds, questo, questa, quello, quella Lalbero - TreeL’uomo - ManLho vista - I saw her / itUnantica via - an old streetNient’altro - Nothing elseNessunaltra- Nothing elseQuestorso - This bearQuestalunna - This student The preposition â€Å"di† and other grammatical morphemes ending in -i, like the pronouns mi, ti, si, vi Dandare - About goingDItalia - Of ItalyDell’altro - OtherD’accordo - Of agreement (e.g Sono d’accordo - I agree)D’oro - Of goldMha parlato - He talked to meMascolti? - Are you listening to me?Talzi presto? - Did you get up early?Savvià ² - He proceededSudirono - (They) were heardVilludono - They are deceiving you The preposition da is usually not elided, except in a few fixed phrases Daltronde - MoreoverD’altra parte - Somewhere elseDora in poi - From now on For ci and gli (and also as an article), there must be continuity with the usual spelling of the sounds: ci, ce, cia, cio, ciu; gli, glie, glia, glio, gliu. That is to say, ci is elided before e- or i-, while gli elides only before another i-. Accordingly cindicà ² la strada - he / she showed us the roadCà ¨ - there isc’era(no) - there was / there areCeravamo - There wasglItaliani - ItaliansGlimpedironoT’acchiappo - I catch you Some exceptions are: ci andà ² - he / she went thereci obbligarono - they forced usgli alberi - treesgli ultimi - the last The particle (particella) : se nandà ² - he / she left. Many other words such as santo, santa, senza, bello, bella, buono, buona, grande: SantAngelo - Saint AngelSantAnna - Saint AnnaSenzaltro - Certainly, definitelyBellaffare - Good businessBellamica - Good friendBuon’anima - Good soulGranduomo - Great man Others: Mezz’ora - Half hourA quattr’occhi - Face to faceArdo d’amore - I’m burning with love for you

Models of Stress Theory and how they apply to First Responder Research Paper

Models of Stress Theory and how they apply to First Responder - Research Paper Example The present paper discusses the similarities and differences between the demand control support and effort-reward imbalance models of stress together with application of these models to first responders. Key words in this paper will include demand, control, effort, reward, and first responders. The two models have a correlation so that the direction of change caused by either increase or decrease of demands, control, and support corresponds to the direction of change caused by either the increase or decrease of efforts and rewards. Therefore, whereas high demands, involving situations that allow high control facilitated by high social support leads to diminished stressful experience, high efforts that are compensated by high rewards lead to diminished susceptibility to stressful experience. Demand control support model has control as a measure of countering the demands of a task and effort reward imbalance claims that control is an intrinsic personal motivation. Both models argue that an imbalance in their proposed concepts leads to exhaustion and emotional distress (Veldhoven et. al., 2005). Demand control support model is an interactional model while Effort Reward Imbalance Model is a transactional model. As an interactional model, demand control support model emphasizes the structural traits of an individual’s interactions with his or her environment. On the other hand, transactional models of stress focus on the factors underlying an individual’s response to a stressful situation. These underlying factors include locus of control, personality, appraisal, and coping. The Demand Control Support Model does not factor in the role of individual differences but effort reward imbalance emphasizes the importance of individual differences (Chmiel, 2009). This model emphasizes demands and control as the two psychosocial job characteristics that are important. Borrowing from this model, the job control of first responders has to do with the decision

Comparing selections of Saint Augustines Confessions and Confuciuss Essay

Comparing selections of Saint Augustines Confessions and Confuciuss Analects - Essay Example al unit and Confucius has much to say in connection to the treatment of the family, and the relationship of one to another and also to the members of the household. Thus, it is evident that very few men can love and at the same time know the negative side of the one they love (Confucius et al 3). To omit respect is equal omitting affection. In addition, without love, union cannot coexist; ‘without respect then love would be ignored (Bk. xxiv, 9.). In short, the paradox of laxity indulgence is presented as the course of a man who is better in respect to his family. Confucius believed that a good relationship in the family was important in reforming the society and thus at the long run the government is reformed. One disciple of Confucius said; "few people are filial and dutiful toward parents and their elder brothers. In many instances, they oppose their superiors thus creating a civil order. A good man is concerned with the cause and when the root is firm, the way grows. Fraternal duty and filial piety are surely the root of humaneness (Confucius et al 4). Augustine during his youthful age, he was living with his parents. He further explains how his parents dealt with him since they wanted him to become famous. As a result, his life was sinful from point in time he was of tender age and became restless with unclean thoughts. At this age, he presents the ills of the society that made him develop idleness. He was convicted that if people can perform the roles in the family in a proper way, then they would be able to discharge their roles in the society (4:20, Analects). Confucius said that a filial piety involved respect for, obedience, and loyalty to ones parents. A filial man would not go against the will of the father especially in terms of behavioral characteristics and occupation even when the father is long gone. You observe the intention of a man when his father is still alive and observe his action when the father is dead. Both observations are

Summary of the article Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary of the article - Essay Example for existing depreciation methods as impairment would occur if they violate the requirement of depreciation charges while reflecting the use of the asset in revenue-generating process. The article then proposes an axiomatic system that is compatible with the recent accounting standards. This system shall also test the compatibility of the any depreciation method with the changed requirements for accounting. The axiomatic system proposed has three requirements. Firstly, the periodic depreciation charge has to be non-negative. Secondly, the depreciation charge is not greater than the cash flow for that period. And lastly, the periodic depreciation charge maintains the essential aspect of matching principle between depreciation and cash flow. The article then highlights how current depreciation methods violate the above axiomatic system. The focus of the article then shifts to proportional depreciation method which directly depends on the cash flow of the asset. Two requirements of consistency are then proposed, namely, Partition Consistency and Dynamic Consistency. The first requirement assures that there is consistency between depreciation charges throughout any sub-period division throughout an asset’s life. The second requirement demands that if there is no change in the economic fundamentals during the asset’s useful life, then the original computation of the depreciation charges will sustain. A detailed description of the axiomatic system is given along with its implications. The three axioms are formulated, their definitions are provided while their respective proofs are provided in the appendix. The proportional depreciation system is described and proof is provided about it sustaining the three axioms. The article then enters into the phase of defining partition consistency and dynamic consistency. They are linked to the axioms and a very solid relationship is established between these two consistencies and proportional depreciation method. The

Aquinas And Boethius Free Will And Divine Foreknowlegde Philosophy Essay

Aquinas And Boethius Free Will And Divine Foreknowlegde Philosophy Essay This philosophical inquiry is without doubt a major one owing to the very fact that it touches a very significant area of philosophy that has been addressed by a big number of great philosophers; the conception of free-will and divine foreknowledge as addressed by Boethius and St. Thomas of Aquinas. These two philosophers have contradicting views regarding the concepts under consideration and it is therefore important to make a clear understanding of them both but with an emphasis on Thomas who seems to give appealing conclusions compared to Boethius. The paper will be structured in a very clear and concise manner, with part one starting with the introduction to the two philosophers. Then afterwards, will be addressed the concept of free will as discussed by Thomas Aquinas. This emphasis again is not accidental but well calculated owing to the fact that the views of St. Thomas are by far better and reasonable compared to those of Boethius. Like any other superb philosopher, Aquinas pays strong attention to logic and this is going to be observed in the manner that he presents his work. He ensures that he does not end up in self-contradiction, or self-deception. SAINT THOMAS AQUINAS St. Thomas Aquinas was an Italian priest of the Catholic Church in the Dominican Order.He was born in Aquino c.1225, and was an immensely influential philosopher and theologian in the tradition of scholasticism, known as Doctor Angelicus (the Angelic Doctor) and Doctor Universalis (Universal Doctor).  [1]  He is frequently referred to as Thomas because Aquinas refers to his residence rather than his surname. He was the foremost classical supporter of natural theology, and the father of the Thomistic school of philosophy and theology. He considerably influenced Western thought, with much of modern philosophy being as a reaction against, or in agreement with his ideas, particularly in the areas of ethics, natural law and political theory. His works include the Summa Theologica and the Summa contra Gentiles. St. Thomas is one of the 33 Doctors of the Church, and the greatest theologian and philosopher of the church. Pope Benedict XV declared: The Church has declared Thomas doctrine to be her own.  [2]   Thomas joined the Dominican Order at the age of 13, an issue that did not please his family who had expected him to become a Benedictine monk.  [3]  Family members became desperate to dissuade Aquinas, who remained determined to join the Dominicans. At one point, two of his brothers hired a prostitute to seduce him, but he drove her away, wielding a burning stick. According to legend, that night two angels appeared to him as he slept and strengthened his determination to remain celibate.  [4]   Aquinas was sent to study at the University of Paris Faculty of Arts in 1245, where he most likely met Dominican scholar Albert Magnus  [5]  . In 1252, he returned to Paris to study for the masters degree in Theology.Aquinas was more a theologian than a philosopher, and his references regarding philosophers rather refer to pagan rather than Christians.  [6]   BOETHIUS Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius is his full names. He was born about 480 CE to an aristocratic family that was of Christian foundation. He studied under the influence of the Neo-Platonist Proclus and his disciples for thirteen years. Proclus died in 485, and then shortly his father died. Consequently Boethius lived under the care of Symmachus from whom Boethius married his daughter Rusticiana.  [7]   Boethius lifetime goal was to translate Aristotles complete works, as well as Platos dialogues, wherefore he considered that the two could be harmonized due to their agreements on major philosophical points. In 510 he became consul under the Ostrogoth Theodoric who was by then king of Italy. At 520 Boethius was appointed master of the offices, heading all the government and court services, and at 522 both his two sons too, became consuls. Boethiuss work conception of free-will and divine foreknowledge can be found in his work, The Consolation of Philosophy which is actually a work of literature that is written in a form of prosimetrical apocalyptic dialogueà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦and contains five Books, which are written in a combination of prose and verse.  [8]   Aquinas Epistemological view: Aquinas believed that for the knowledge of any truth whatsoever man needs divine help, that the intellect may be moved by God to its act.  [9]  However, he believed that human beings have the natural capacity to know many things without special divine revelation, even though such revelations occur from time to time, especially in regard to faith.  [10]   The Question of Free-will Does man have free-will? What is free-will -a power, an act, or a habit? If it is a power, is it appetitive or cognitive? If it is appetitive, is it the same power as the will, or distinct? Thomas argued that man possesses free-will for without itcounsels, exhortations, commands, prohibitions, rewards, and punishments would be in vain.  [11]  He logically proceeded to expound on this by first observing how some things acted devoid of judgment; a stone moving downwards, similarly those things too that dont have knowledge. Additionally, in Thomas view some agents act from judgment, but their judgments are not free, such as a brute animal. Thomas, while expounding on this assertion gives an example of a sheep, which upon seeing a wolf, judges that it is a thing to be avoided, an act that is from natural and not free judgment, since it makes this judgment from natural instincts and not from free judgment. Man on the other hand, acts from judgment, due to the fact that by his apprehensive commandhe judges that something should be avoided or sought.  [12]  Therefore, Thomas view is without doubt, correct when he continues to emphasize that man acts from free judgment and retains the power of being inclined to various things because this judgment, contrary to that of brute animal that originates from natural instincts, it results from a process involving comparison in the reason. However, can we say that mans free will is power? This is a question posed by Thomas in his discussions regarding free-will. In answering this he notes rightfully that even though free-will strictly speakingsignifies an act, commonlyThomas calls it free-will, that which is the principle of the act by which man judges freely.  [13]  It is arguably, in the light of Thomas, that in humans the principle of an act is both a habit and a power due to the fact that when we say that we know something, we do so by knowledge and by the intellectual power. Hence free-will has to bea power or a habit, or a power with a habit.  [14]  This affirmation is considered in two ways. First, if free-will is a habit, then it has to be a natural habit; this is because, for man it is natural to have a free-will. For things that come under free-will, there is no natural habit since we are inclined naturally to things that have natural habitsTherefore; it is not a habit in any way. Secondly, habits are defined as that by reason of which we are well or ill disposed with regard to actions and passions  [15]  ; since by temperance; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦we are well-disposed as regards concupiscences, and by intemperance ill-disposed: and by knowledge we are well-disposed to the act of the intellect when we know the truth, and by the contrary ill-disposed. But the free-will is indifferent to good and evil choice: wherefore it is impossible for free-will to be a habit. Therefore it is a power.  [16]   Thomas, regarding free-will as an appetitive power, asserts that the appropriate act of free-will is choice. This is because of the fact that we can decide to take one thing and refuse the other. It is thenceimportant that we deliberate the nature of free-will, by analyzing the nature of choice. Regarding choice, there is a strong agreement between two things; one on cognitive power, and the other on the appetitive power.Concerning the cognitive power part, there is needed to have counsel, through which according to Thomaswe judge one thing to be preferred to another  [17]  . Concerning the appetitive power, Thomas asserts that it is required that the appetite should accept the judgment of counsel.  [18]  It is in this respect that Thomas counters the Aristotelian conception of choice; that it is not clear whether choice belongs in principle to the appetitive power or the cognitive one because according to him choice is either an appetitive intellect or an intellectual appeti te.  [19]  However Aristotle inclines to its being an intellectual appetite in the process of describing choice as a desire proceeding from counsel.  [20]  This follows from the reasoning that the means to an end is the proper object of choice. Additionally, then, choice is what Thomas refers to as the nature of the good; the useful: this follows from the premise that since good is considered to be the object of the appetite, then it is logical that principally choice is an act of the appetitive power; hence free-will is an appetitive power. Consequently, can we say that free-will is a power distinct from the will? It is rightly argued in the light of Thomas that intellectual apprehension takes into consideration both the intellect and reason, and with regard to intellectual appetitive, we will have free-will which is actually the power of choice as correctly explicated in Thomas Summa. This connection is correctly observed in both the objects and respectful acts. Thomas gives an illustration of what it means to understand when he continues to note that understanding implies the simple acceptation of something (whereby) we say that we understand first principles, which are known of them without any comparison.  [21]  However, regarding reasoning, as Thomas points out, means to come from one thing to the knowledge of another: wherefore, properly speaking, we reason about conclusions, which are known from the principles.  [22]   Divine Foreknowledge by Boethius and Thomas Aquinas The issue of the foreknowledge of God is a mystery that St. Thomas Aquinas, Augustine and Boethius all struggled with. Divine foreknowledge involves the idea that the will of God enunciated itself most expansively in divine foreordainment, whence the plan of salvation is an essentialportion. Consequently, Christ was, apparently, predestined. This, of course, means that God discerned that evil would come into the world and that Jesus had to redeem mankind. Nonetheless, while God knew that evil would come into the world, he also willed an end, and in this his action can be seen as perfect. To safeguard his own freedom, God caused events contingently, without necessity, implying that he had free causation. God, therefore, predestined contingently. In this way, we can understand that God was not the captive of his own action, but remained free.  [23]   Boethius Consolation, Freedom and Divine  Foreknowledge Regarding divine foreknowledge, initiallyproposes the problem of divine foreknowledge as anissue for further philosophical debate. In this case, hequestions on how God happens to have dependable foreknowledge concerning contingent future events as knowledge requires necessityIn reference to Boethius, if God necessarily knows that an individual will excel in school at some future time, then it seems that the individual in question cannot fail to excel, implying that he is devoid of free-will and that excelling is not contingent. However, it is outrageous to repudiate the freedom of the will in Boethiuss view, since this could signify the absence of vices and virtues.  [24]   This problem has been philosophically addressed in chapter VI which involves a distinction between simple and conditional necessity. First, in the case of simple necessity there is a connection between it and nature henceat this point it is a necessary truth meaning that man is a rational animal.  [25]  On the other hand, conditional necessity is not tied to the nature, but rather to some contingent state of affairs and on a particular moment. As an example, if for instance, I saw Johnstanding. Upon seeing him, it is conditionally necessary that he bestanding because he is standing at that time, but there is nothing in his nature that forces him to be standing. A moment later he can choose to seat. This conditional necessity is sufficient for me to have knowledge that John is standing. Thus my present knowledge and Johns contingent willing to stand are thus perfectly compatible. However, there arises a problem with define foreknowledge in the sense that it asserts a conditional necessity of both present and future state of affairs. Thus, for philosophyto resolve Gods infallible foreknowledge with future contingents, it proposes a widely significantexplanation of eternity. Accordingly eternity is the whole, simultaneous and perfect possession of boundless life, which becomes clearer by comparison with temporal things  [26]   Philosophy expounds on eternity by basing the conception of divine experience of time in divine simplicity.Under this understanding, it is correct to note that when it comes to Gods experience, there is no past, present and future of time;instead all temporal events are present concurrently to Gods simple knowledge. Thus, correct reasoning says that if you should wish to consider his foreknowledge, by which he discerns all things, you will more rightly judge it to be not foreknowledge as it were of the future but knowledge of a never-passing instant  [27]  . God can have infallible knowledge about what James will do in the future, because God, in his simple eternal knowledge, already sees James doing it. Thus, the infallibility of Gods knowledge is established on a conditional necessity, which preserves the contingency and freedom of James willing and choosing. Moreover, prayer and human morality remain necessary as acts of free human creatures. One can be punished for acting wrongly most likely because one had the freedom to do the alternative. Similarly, it is possible to petition God; this does not mea Gods mind about what he has already decreed to do in the future changes, but just because God does things simultaneously that is from his point of view with seeing our prayers in the present -from the human perspective. Thence, this also leaves open the possibility of an Augustinian free-will theodicy, since Gods knowledge of future evil choices does not imply that God causes the wicked to be wicked.  [28]   However, the Boethian solution contradicts the first premise of the rudimentary argument: (1) Yesterday God infallibly believed X. What Boethian solution denies is not that God believes infallibly, and not that God believes the content of proposition X, but that God believed Xyesterday. Boethiuscontended that God is not in time and that God has no temporal properties, so God does not have beliefs at a time. This argument unfortunately therefore unfortunatelynotes that God had beliefs yesterday, or has beliefs today, or will have beliefs tomorrow. God cannot be taken to have believes on certain moments, the way humans tend to do. And thus, the way Boethius describes Gods cognitive grasp of temporal reality, all temporal events are before the mind of God at once. To say at once or simultaneously is to use a temporal metaphor however on the contrary Boethius is clear that it illogical to think of the whole of temporal reality as being before Gods mind in a single temporal moment. But a more concise and logical argument comes from Aquinas who, though adopted the Boethian solution as one of his strategies out of theological fatalism, using some of the same metaphors as Boethius. As an example to this, we have metaphor of circle analogy, in which the way a timeless God is present to each and every instant is matched to the way in which the center of a circle is present to each and every point on its circumference. In contemporary philosophy probably the most well-known defenders of the idea that God is timeless are Eleonore Stump and Norman Kretzmann (1981), who apply it explicitly to the foreknowledge dilemma (1991). Most objections to the timelessness solution to the dilemma of foreknowledge and freedom focus on the idea of timelessness itself, arguing either that it does not make sense or that it is incompatible with other properties of God that are religiously more compelling, such as personhood. I have argued that the timelessness move does not avoid the problem of theological fatalism since an argument structurally parallel to the basic argument can be formulated for timeless knowledge. If God is not in time, the key issue would not be the necessity of the past, but the necessity of the timeless realm  [29]   CONCLUSION From the above analysis is very important to conclude with an affirmation of the philosophical concepts as advanced by Thomas. The Thomistic philosophy offers superior reasoning in terms of freedom and knowledge. The arrangement is logical and devoid of contradictions as it has been observed in other philosophers, Boethius being no exception. I therefore conclude this paper with an affirmation that men have free-will but this free-will doesnt dispute Gods omniscience because Gods perspective is not mans perspective, due to His Supremacy.

Death in the Woods, by Sherwood Anderson :: essays research papers

The story â€Å"Death in the Woods†, written by Sherwood Anderson, is a story told by a man who has told it one to many times. As a young boy in a small town he notices an older women named Grimes, who he will tell us the story about. She was the type of person that nobody noticed in town. She led a quite life and never really talked to anyone other then the butcher. The narrator then goes on to describe how she meets her husband Jack Grimes. He was a tough guy that she meets while working for an abusive German farmer. The narrator tells you a long story about how he helps her from getting way from the abusive German. They bonded after a few incidents and then got married. They had a few boys and started their own farm where just like before she fed the animals, just as she did for the German. Her husband tried to socialize with the town people but it did not work out. He then rebelled by stealing their horses. He even threatened to fight them after they would not make conversation with him. This maybe a good reason why one of his sons had been put in jail already, setting a real good example. Their family, the Grimes used to own a saw mill but, it fell through in the last couple of years so all of their money was gone which forced them to all to have to work hard. The young man narrating then tells us about his encounter with the elderly woman. One cold winter day she made her way to town to go the store. She went to butcher, ironically she and the butcher were social with each other and he gave her some extra food. On her way back through the woods she stopped for a minute to rest due the heavy bag. She feels asleep and did not wake up. She froze to death. Her dogs did find here and eat their food from her bag. This is very ironic because all she did was feed animals all her life. She did at the German’s farm, her farm/family and the dogs and now she is dead because of it. In story the young man describes how he arrived with the other men from town when they found her. He saw her frozen and dead.

Emma is described as being “handsome, clever and rich” in the first sentence of the novel but her character could be perceived in many ways

Emma is described as being â€Å"handsome, clever and rich† in the first sentence of the novel but her character could be perceived in many ways. Emma could be seen as being very kind, perfect, and acting like a lady of her time but she could also be viewed as a quite self-obsessed, stuck-up person who clings to social stAtus when it suits her, For example: She makes Harriet reject Mr Martin because Emma thinks she should aim for someone higher but is then upset when she likes Mr Knightley later on in the novel. I agree with the latter point of view because throughout the novel she never seems to see past herself and isn't concerned with other people's point of views. In the first chapter it says â€Å"The real evils of Emma's situation were the power of having rather too much her own way, and a disposition to think a little too well of herself. Which is true because she thinks her opinion is the only one that matters. Although, as this is a â€Å"coming-of-age† novel she does change throughout the course of the story and becomes a nicer person. Emma may not have been so likeable in Jane Austen's time because society was so different. Women were supposed to marry for money & status and were expected to obey the men. Emma is portrayed as being too independent for that time and more like women of today. Although she lives with her father he is dependent on her and she rules the household. The only voice of reason she hears is that of Mr Knightly. Now, women are independent and can choose who they want to marry as they are seen as social equals which they weren't at that time. Jane Austen could have seen herself as being like Emma, and, while she may have been a dislikeable character in those times she might also have been a character women looked up to because she was so independent. In the story, society would expect a lot of Emma. She would have to be charitable and kind. Women of her status were supposed to make a match with someone of similar social standing as marriage was a business. Emma's personality as well as her faults are shown through her relationships with other characters in the novel. Mrs Elton brings out her bad side and in some ways represents all the things that are bad about Emma. Jane Fairfax represents some of Emma's good traits and the things that Emma would like to be. Emma is quite jealous of her and recognises her talents when she says â€Å"She certainly is handsome, she is better than handsome!† Emma's good side is also revealed when she is with her father because she seems to care for him more than anything else, which is shown when Mr Knightley proposes to her and all she can think about is what'll happen to her dad if she moves. Emma tries hard to find Harriet a match that she would approve of. When Emma is with Harriet she is selfish and manipulative which the reader can see when, in chapter 40, she gives Harriet advice whilst saying that she wont interfere knowing that Harriet will be guided by Emma's opinions. This is probably due to the fact that Emma has so much time on her hands because she has so much money she doesn't have to work. Jane Austen chose to write as an omniscient narrator which means the reader gets to see Emma honestly but the story is still very much through Emma's point of view as you don't get to read the other characters' points of view. i.e. when Emma insults Miss Bates on Box Hill none of the other characters are seen to comment and only Emma's point of view is given. Some of the characters are too farcical and could be compared to fairytale characters in some ways for example: Mr Knightley is like a virtuous prince charming that always does the right thing and Jane Fairfax is like a perfect little princess. Jane Austen chooses a traditional happy ending for the novel because people would expect to have one at the time she was writing it but, today people want something different and it is up to the author how to end the novel. Overall, she begins the novel very stuck-up and snobbish believing that she is more important than everybody else but as she approaches her twenty1st birthday and the age at which she has to take responsibility for herself she begins to change.

Symbolism in Houses, Nature, and Culture essays

Symbolism in Houses, Nature, and Culture essays The setting and descriptions of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange that Emily Bronte uses throughout her novel, Wuthering Heights, helps set the mood for describing Heathcliff and Cathy. The cold, muddy, and infertile moors separate the two households. Each house stands alone, in the midst of the dreary land, but the atmospheres of the two estates are quite different. This difference helps explain the personalities and bond of Cathy and Heathcliff. The Conflict between Nature and Culture are constantly playing against each other. Nature is represented by the Earnshaw family, and by Catherine and Heathcliff in particular. These characters are governed by their passions, and "wildness." Wuthering Heights comes to symbolize a similar wildness. On the other hand, Thrushcross Grange and the Linton family represent culture, refinement, gathering, and cultivation. Emily Bronte's fine usage of symbolism help one to understand the differences in nature, culture, and personality shown by comparing the Heights and the Grange, kept together by the moors. Wuthering Heights, which represents basically Hell, is always in a state of storminess. The Heights and its surroundings portray the coldness, darkness, and evil associated with Hell. This parallels Heathcliff. He symbolizes the cold, dark, and dismal house. The author also uses parallel personifications to depict specific parts of the house as analogues to Heathcliffs face and body. "He is a dark-skinned gypsy in aspect... He has an erect and handsome figure, and rather morose." (Bronte 3). Emily frequently made references to the dark windows such as the darkness of Heathcliff. Although he is hansom and study such as the house, he is also depressing and gloomy. The very definition of wuthering is to dry up, shrivel, or wilt as from decay The inhabitants, especially Heathcliff and Cathy, cause the decay and bring storminess to the house. Hea ...

Free Essays on The Place Between Human And Fey In A Midsummer Night’s Dream

of Robin Goodfellow – who is the â€Å"merry wanderer of the night† (l. 43) – â€Å"fairy† is associated with darkness. The fairies â€Å"run / By the triple Hecate’s team / From the presence of the sun† (ll. 369-71), and furthermore, they evade the sunlight in order to â€Å"[Follow] darkness like a dream.† Night and dream both symbolize both the subconscious or unconscious mind, which suggests that the fairies operate by an alternative logic, or a â€Å"dream logic† that is masked by the Athenian logic of human society and the daytime hours. This interpretation is similar to current occult ideas about the nature of the Fey. Since poets and occultists have always taken the fairy realm most seriously, it is fitting that we look to both verse and occult sources. Brian Froud, a fairy portraitist, defines fairy as â€Å"all things absurd, nonlinear, nonsensical, irrational, and madly poetic† (Froud, Intro); all of these traits are facets of the human, logical interpretation of the unconscious realm. Within the context of the Faery tradition of Witchcraft... Free Essays on The Place Between Human And Fey In A Midsummer Night’s Dream Free Essays on The Place Between Human And Fey In A Midsummer Night’s Dream The Place Between Human and Fey in A Midsummer Night’s Dream In Shakespeare’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream, the relationship between fairy and human propels the plot, prompting questions concerning the nature of â€Å"fairy,† and what â€Å"fairy† symbolizes in the human realm. The character of Puck serves as a spokesman for the fairy realm, and an ambassador to the human domain. Puck is a useful focus point for answering questions about the interaction between these two levels of consciousness. The interaction between fairy and human is facilitated by the themes of love and nighttime. This poses questions about the significance and interplay of these concepts. How does love act as a connection between human and fairy? Why does nighttime bring these worlds together? What do nighttime, and love, have to do with the essence of what is â€Å"fairy?† If we look to the words of Robin Goodfellow – who is the â€Å"merry wanderer of the night† (l. 43) – â€Å"fairy† is associated with darkness. The fairies â€Å"run / By the triple Hecate’s team / From the presence of the sun† (ll. 369-71), and furthermore, they evade the sunlight in order to â€Å"[Follow] darkness like a dream.† Night and dream both symbolize both the subconscious or unconscious mind, which suggests that the fairies operate by an alternative logic, or a â€Å"dream logic† that is masked by the Athenian logic of human society and the daytime hours. This interpretation is similar to current occult ideas about the nature of the Fey. Since poets and occultists have always taken the fairy realm most seriously, it is fitting that we look to both verse and occult sources. Brian Froud, a fairy portraitist, defines fairy as â€Å"all things absurd, nonlinear, nonsensical, irrational, and madly poetic† (Froud, Intro); all of these traits are facets of the human, logical interpretation of the unconscious realm. Within the context of the Faery tradition of Witchcraft...

Interview with a person Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Interview with a person - Research Paper Example Likewise, this particular research study has performed a level of library and internet research as well as relied upon the expert testimony from an individual who has resided within the country of question for nearly 18 years. The nation in question for such a research is that of the Eastern European nation of Ukraine. For purposes of the research and interview, the main determinants that have been discussed and analyzed relate to the following: geographic location, culture, customs, basic human needs (types of employment), types of buildings, religions, types of food, television, newspapers, and other forms of media, cultural and gender distinctions, technological development, education system, and clothing. The geographic location that Ukraine represents is on the very periphery between Eastern Europe and Eurasia. As such, it occupies a very fertile region that spans between the Carpathian Mountains in the West to the border with Russia in the far east. The nation is likewise borde red by Russia, Belarus, and Poland to the north and the west, Slovenia, Romania, and Moldova to the south west and the Black Sea to the immediate south. The geographic location that Ukraine comprises with few natural demarcations has made it a tempting and much coveted possession of many kingdoms and empires through past history. A brief review of the history of the region denotes that Turks, Tatars, the Golden Horde, the Russian Empire, Poland, and Lithuania have all occupied various portions of Ukrainian land within the past several hundred years. However, when delving into the issues of culture and customs as well as some of the more nuanced methods of analysis that this particular paper will engender it was necessary to interview an individual that has lived within Ukraine for nearly 18 years prior to coming to the United States. Natasha Kholostova, a neighbor of this author, agreed to be interviewed with regards to some of the unique aspects that help to set Ukraine apart from the remainder of Europe, the United States, and the rest of the world. The main differentials regarding culture and customs that Natasha noted were with relation to the Orthodox history and culture that Ukraine has so firmly established. She was able to relate this back to the point in time when Prince Vladimir the Great was responsible for converting the nation to Eastern Orthodoxy. This action in and of itself integrated many of the former pagan beliefs that had predated Christianity with the Christian doctrines that came from Constantinople. This unnatural marriage between two belief systems spawned holidays such as Maslinitsja and Ivana Kupala where Christian attributes were given to pagan celebrations commemorating the changing of the seasons or the celebration of the life giving energy of water. Natasha also demonstrated that one cannot hope to understand the customs or culture of Ukraine without gaining a firm and complete grasp on the means by which the existence of the Sovi et Union had a profound and lasting effect on the way in which the culture and society grew over the past century. Moreover, the Second World War was fought over Ukrainian territory with the Nazi forces advancing across the entirety of the country in the beginning stages of the war and eventually being pushed back towards the later part of the war. This also left a profound and lasting impact on the population due to the fact that the full horror of war had been experienced on its territory and

Impact of social media on marketing strategies Dissertation

Impact of social media on marketing strategies - Dissertation Example Thank you very much Daisytan. Contents TABLE OF FIGURE 7 Abstract 8 1.INTRODUCTION 9 1.1.Overview 9 1.2.Background Of The Study 10 1.3.Significance of the study 12 1.4.Research Questions 12 1.5.Aims and Objectives of the Research 13 1.6.Structure of thesis 13 2.Literature Review: 15 2.1.Introduction 15 2.2.The 21st century Paradigm: 15 2.3.Ecommerce and Supply chain 16 2.4.Information Technology: 19 2.5.Unifying the competitive strategy with supply chain strategy: 20 2.6.E-businesses: 21 2.7.Ecommerce and developing countries 23 2.8.Consumer behavior and Ecommerce in Saudi Arabia 26 2.9. Summary 28 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: 29 3.1. Introduction: 29 3.2. Research Overview: 29 3.3. Research Approach 31 3.4. Research Strategy: 32 3.5. Research Philosophy: 32 3.6. Research Method: 33 3.7. Data Collection and Analysis: 34 3.8. Sampling Methods: 34 3.9. Reliability of Research: 35 3.10. Validity of Research: 35 3.11. Summary: 35 4. ANALYSIS 37 4.1. Introduction 37 4.2. Analysis Of Questionn aire 37 Question 37 4.3. Focus group: 55 5. Conclusions: 62 5.1. Summary Of The Findings 62 5.2. Recommendations for the researcher: 66 5.3. Recommendations to Saudi Post: 68 5.4. Recommendation for further Research 70 5.5. Limitations of the research study 70 6. References 72 7. Appendix 80 TABLE OF FIGURE Figure 4. 1: Access to technology 33 Figure 4. 2: Awareness of shopping online 34 Figure 4. 3: Ratio of people how have ever purchased online 35 Figure 4. 4: Preference of shopping online 36 Figure 4. 5: Physically touching of product is important or not 37 Figure 4. 6: Products can be found easily on the internet or not 39 Figure 4. 7: Factors influencing online shopping 42 Figure 4. 8: Is shopping online safe 46 Figure 4. 10: Is it more convenient to shop online 47 Abstract This research study analyses the trend of online shopping in Saudi Arabia. The research study has been aimed at the introduction of e-mall, an online store by Saudi Arabia and this research study analysed th e challenges that the management of Saudi Post would face as they are introducing this online store. The research study has been conducted using the primary as well as secondary data. To conduct this research, online surveys have been conducted and 200 respondents participated in the survey. After the survey, the interested candidates were invited for the focus group session. This research analyses the how successful e-mall can be in Saudi Arabia and the research shows that Saudi Post faces several challenges in order to build trust and convince people of Saudi Arabia to shop online. CHAPTER #1 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Overview E-mall is an online store where customers can buy a diverse range of goods online. People can purchase different kinds of products and services from e-mall throughout Saudi Arabia. With the advancement of technology, the trend of purchasing goods and services has been changed and now the buyers are seeking more convenient and suitable ways to buy goods and servic es. The revolution in E-industry has also brought innovations in the mind of buyers and sellers

Advertising public relation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Advertising public relation - Essay Example It is needless to say that the modern business world is extremely competitive. Therefore the companies look to find the x-factors to stand apart from the rest of the crowd so that the company becomes more interesting and appealing for the media and the public. A favorable reputation can help the company. On the other hand negative publicity can also have negative impact and damage the reputation of the company badly. In simple ways PR can be defined as a way to build up long term relationship with the public or customers. Although PR is an element of promotional mix and there are certain differences between PR and other elements, it is important to understand that positive can only be achieved by using each of the elements of the promotional mix effectively. The study looks to focus on the application of PR to aid the performance of a newly launched product in the market. The product selected is a ready-to-drink green tea. The concerns over the contents of the soft drinks have increa sed as people are becoming more health conscious. Also recent controversies related to the hygienic factors and product has not helped the reputation of the soft drinks. Although the product to be discussed cannot be exactly categorized as hardcore soft drinks, still the product is likely to serve purpose as the soft drinks. The study includes market situation analysis, probable PR strategy, different modes of communication to be used and also a way to successfully evaluate the PR strategy. (Chattopadhyay, 2009. P.370). Fun fruit Pvt. Ltd. is a six years old company. The company produces soft drinks made from fruits such as mango and pineapple. The company looks to achieve concentric product diversification through packaging and pricing strategy. Here it is to be mentioned that the company operates in UK market only. However, the company has launched ready-to-drink green tea called ‘Fizz’. The company looks to brings

Psychology of Color Essay Example for Free

Psychology of Color Essay The brain receives signals from three different color channels: red, blue, and green. When the brain receives a mix of these signals, we perceive colors that are mixtures of these three primary colors through a process called color addition (Think Quest â€Å"Color Psychology†). All colored visible light can be expressed as either mixtures or consistencies of red, blue, or green, which by perception between the eyes and the brain, produces the vast spectrum of color that exists to humans and other organisms alike. With the ability to alter our moods and bodily functions, color has more of an impact on us than we may realize. Each color produces different effects on humans, bringing about numerous physiological and psychological changes as unique as the color itself. Its presence everywhere in our daily lives makes these effects inevitable, no matter how unaware we are of them. Colors not only alter the state of our mind and body but can also reveal a lot about ourselves, including our personality, experiences, and ability to evoke memories. Colors can be categorized into two groups, warm colors and cool colors. Warm colors consist of any shade of red, orange, yellow, and pink. They can evoke emotions ranging from feelings of warmth and comfort to feelings of anger and hostility. Cool colors consist of greens, blues, and purples. Although they generally create a calming, soothing effect, they can also bring feelings of sadness or indifference (Kendra Cherry â€Å"Color Psychology: How Colors Impact Moods, Feelings, and Behaviors†). Although each of the colors within these two groups produces altercations somewhat similar to those of its group members, they create their own objective, one-of-a-kind effects on the human body and mind. Red is one of the three primary colors, as well as one of three different color channels the brain receives signals from. It represents blood, heat, passion, love, intensity, danger, and is often associated with Christmas and Valentine’s Day (Nicholson, Mary, Dr. â€Å"Colors and Moods†). Being a very stimulating color, whenever the sight of it is picked up and signaled to the brain, red activates the adrenal glands. Physiologically, red can increase heart rate, respiration, appetite, and blood pressure. It can also raise stamina and improve the functioning of the central nervous system (Kate Smith, â€Å"Color: Meaning, Symbolism, and Psychology†). The psychological effects of red include feelings of anger, vitality, and a sense of protection from fears and anxieties. Red can also increase enthusiasm, irritability, and sensuality. With its ability to dispel negative thoughts, it encourages confidence, action, and ambition (Think Quest). In a study by professor of psychology Andrew Elliot and researcher Daniela Niesta, it has been demonstrated that the color red makes men â€Å"feel more amorous towards women† (Science Daily â€Å"Red Enhances Men’s Attraction to Women, Psychological Study Reveals†). Even before the experiment, research provided both empirical and biological support to Elliot and Niesta’s claim. Empirically, red has been associated with romantic love and passions across cultures and the millennia. Biologically, they found faith in humans’ deep evolutionary roots to primates. Research has shown that â€Å"nonhuman male primates are particularly attracted to females displaying red. Female baboons and chimpanzees, for example, redden conspicuously when nearing ovulation, sending a clear sexual signal designed to attract males† (Science Daily). The study looked at men’s responses to photographs of women under various color presentations. In one experiment, subjects were shown a photograph of a woman framed by a border of red and either white, gray, green or blue. The men were then asked questions about how attractive they found the women to be. Another experiment consisted of two photos of the same woman in which the woman’s shirt was digitally colored either red or blue. Along with questions concerning attraction, they were also asked about their intentions about dating, such as â€Å"Imagine that you are going on a date with this person and have $100 in your wallet. How much money would you be willing to spend on your date? (Science Daily). The results of the experiment showed that under all conditions, the women wearing or framed by red were rated significantly higher in attractiveness and sexual desirability than the exact same woman shown with any other color. Those whose favorite color is red are typically outgoing, impulsive, aggressive, and restless in personality. Red is a color chosen by those who carry an open nature and a zest for life (Annie B. Bond, â€Å"Your Favorite Color: What it Says About You†). Orange is a color that commands much attention. It represents warmth, enthusiasm, exuberance, liveliness and is also associated with Thanksgiving and Halloween (Nicholson). Physiologically, orange can stimulate the sexual organs, benefit the digestive system, and strengthen the immune system. It incites activity, socialization, and due to its hate-it-or-love-it quality, it also sparks controversy (Smith). Psychologically, orange relieves feelings of self-pity, lack of self worth, and unwillingness to forgive. It can also open emotions, increase energy, and even serve as a perceptual antidepressant (Think Quest). Due to its association with arrogance, danger, and over-emotion, a survey proves that orange has been labeled as â€Å"America’s Least Favorite Color† (Laurie Pawlik-Kienlen â€Å"The Subconscious Psychology of Color†). People who prefer the color orange are often flamboyant, fun-loving, and enjoy living a social life. They can be somewhat histrionic and fickle, but are generally good-natured, agreeable, and popular (Bond). Yellow is an uplifting color that is most associated with optimism, intellectuality, enlightenment, happiness, and signs of a bright future. Yellow can increase alertness and decisiveness, encourage communication, and stimulate the muscles and lymph system. Yellow can also activate the brain, spark clear, creative and intelligent thoughts, encourage memory, and stimulate mental processes (Smith). In a psychological sense, yellow brings feelings of happiness and increases perceptiveness, self-confidence, and optimism. It aids in discernment, good judgment, organization, and understanding (Think Quest). However, a dull yellow can bring feelings of fear. Those who favor yellow generally tend to be adventurous, shrewd, and carry a strong sense of humor. They can often shun responsibility due to their freedom-loving personalities, but are usually clear and precise thinkers who have a good outlook on life (Bond). As one of the three color channels, green occupies more space in the spectrum visible to the human eye than most colors. Green represents nature, health, abundance, wealth, good luck, growth, peace, and clarity. Green can help acquire physical equilibrium and relaxation, and has been shown to be beneficial to the heart. It also relaxes muscles and induces slower, deeper breathing (Smith). Psychologically, green has a tranquilizing and balancing effect. It brings about comfort, laziness, relaxation, and harmony. It can also alleviate nervousness and anxiety, and offer a sense of renewal and self-control (Think Quest). Surveys show that Green is America’s second favorite color (Pawlik-Kienlen). It usually a color liked by those who are gentle, sincere, and reputable. However, their tendency to be too modest and patient can lead to their exploitation. They are generally community-minded people who prefer peace at any price (Bond). Blue is the last of the three color channels. It is closely associated with spirituality, melancholy, cleanliness, wisdom, sadness, trustworthiness, and commitment (Nicholson). Being at far ends of the color spectrum, the color blue has almost entirely opposite effects of the color red. Blue decreases appetite, breathing, heart rate and blood pressure. It also regulates sleep patterns, keeps bone marrow healthy, and stimulates the pituitary and thyroid glands and causes the production of calming chemicals. Blue brings feelings of calmness and relaxation. It can also eliminate insomnia, aid intuition, and increase mental clarity and control (Smith). However, an excessive amount of blue can be depressing and saddening (ThinkQuest). Surveys prove that the color blue, being the least gender specific, is labeled as â€Å"America’s Favorite Color† (Pawlik-Kienlen). People whose favorite color is blue are typically preserving, sensitive, and self-controlled. Even though they can be worriers who are often cautious, they are faithful and have steady character (Bond). Purple is the majestic color of mystery, creativity, unrest, and royalty (Nicholson). Being the mixture of red and blue, the effects of the color purple contain elements from those of both red and blue. Physiologically, purple can alleviate skin conditions; suppress hunger, balance metabolism, and calm the mind and nerves. It can also be perceived as an antiseptic and a narcotic (Smith). Psychologically, purple increases creativity, intuition, imagination, and sensitivity to beauty, high ideals, spirituality, and compassion. It can balance the mind, cleanse emotional disturbances, and combat states of shock and fear (Think Quest). Purple is the favorite color of adolescent girls. Those who prefer purple over all the other colors tend to be artistic, individualistic, fastidious, and witty. They can become aloof and sarcastic when misunderstood, but are generally unconventional, tolerant, and dignified (Bond). Pink is associated with youth, romance, free spirit, lightheartedness, love (Nicholson). Being a lighter tint of red, many aspects of red are evident in the color pink. Pink can stimulate energy and help muscles relax. Like red, it also increases blood pressure, respiration, heartbeat, and pulse rate. Pink offers feelings of calmness, protection, and a sense of nurture. It encourages action, reduces erratic behavior, and sparks a desire to be carefree (Smith). Embodying the gentler qualities of red, pink represents unaggressive sensuality and unselfish love. People whose favorite color is pink are often charming, maternal, and gentle. However, they tend to desire a sheltered life and require affection, â€Å"perhaps wanting to appear delicate and fragile† (Bond). Brown is an organic color that represents reliability, approachability, the natural world, and connections with the Earth (Nicholson). It provides a sense of orderliness, security, stability, and wholesomeness. It also conveys withholding emotion and feelings of retreating from the world (Smith). Those who like the color brown are generally steady, conservative, conscientious, and dependable. They may be tactless and inflexible, but they are responsible and kind (Bond). Black, white, and gray are not considered colors, but are shades. Although they elicit no physiological effects, they still bring about psychological changes. Black represents authority, power, emptiness, sophistication, silence, and death (Nicholson). It evokes strong emotions and sense of potential and possibility. Black produces feelings of passiveness, emptiness, and being inconspicuous (Smith). Those who like black want to give a mysterious appearance, which indicates a suggestion of hidden depths and inner longings (Bond). White represents purity, neutrality, and safety (Nicholson). It aids mental clarity, encourages the elimination of clutter, purifies thoughts and actions, enables fresh beginnings, and offers a feeling of freedom and openness (Smith). However, an overabundance of white can bring feelings of separation, coldness, and isolation. People who like white indicate a desire for perfection, simplicity, and a recapture of lost youth and freshness (Bond). Gray is the shade in-between black and white. It is associated with dignity, conservativeness, control, independence, and authority (Nicholson). Gray increases independence, self-reliance, evasion, non-commitment, and lack of involvement (Smith). It is unsettling and creates a sense of high expectations, separation, and loneliness. Those who like gray are hard-working and often search for composure and a steady life with few ups and downs (Bond). The effects and associations of a color vary from person to person subjectively. Changes in the general effect of a color depend on some one’s personality, experiences, culture, and memories. Through a subjective perspective of color, a negative association with a color could cause undesirable effects and stir distaste towards that color. For example, if you receive a heartbreaking letter sealed in a green envelope, green may now be your least favorite color due to a new subconscious association with heartbreak and sorrow. In Elliot and Niesta’s study on the relationship between attraction and the color red, they also concluded that â€Å"Although red enhances positive feelings in this study, earlier research suggests the meaning of a color depends on its context. For example, Elliot and others have shown that seeing red in competition situations, such as written examinations or sporting events, leads to worse performance† (Science Daily). In a study conducted by UC Berkley, researchers found that people’s color preferences were linked to their experiences. â€Å"To conduct their studies, the researchers had four different groups perform four different tasks rating their color preferences, recording the objects they associated with each color, rating how they felt about each object or matching an object to a color† (Rachel Banning-Lover â€Å"Study Links Color Preference to Experiences†). They found that color preference was highly shaped by experience. For example, one subject stated that their favorite color was pink, and then later admitted to having fond memories in her sister’s pink bedroom, which would produce a positive association with the color pink. The researchers also discovered a link between school spirit and color preferences. Those who attended Berkley generally preferred their own school colors, blue and gold, over red, Stanford’s school color. There has also been cross-cultural evidence that creates varying effects of color. â€Å"Cross-cultural differences can occur in two ways different cultures may have different objects that influence individuals perceptions of certain colors, or two cultures may have the same object but may associate different feelings with that object† (Banning-Lover). For example, somebody from France may feel energized around navy blue—although blues are typically calming—due to the widespread use of the color in their country. Personality is a big, if not the biggest, impact on somebody’s preference and perception of a color. In general, extroverts or those with energetic personalities are drawn to richer, warmer colors, while introverts or those with relaxed personalities prefer cooler, more subtle colors (Bond). Colors that are found in certain areas of our everyday lives have a reason for being there. Understanding the objective effects of colors, many places have used certain colors to subconsciously manipulate the public into feeling or acting a desirable way, most of the time without them even realizing it. Red is commonly used in restaurants, both fast food and sit-downs, due to its ability to increase the appetites of its customers and therefore increasing their likelihood of buying more food. Orange is the color of most traffic cones and construction signs. Used to grab drivers’ attention, orange increases their awareness to prevent accidents. Green lights are often used in forensics due to its ability to incite a confession from criminals more than any other color of light. With its strong connection with the Earth, green is also used to promote environmentalism. Blue is commonly used in hospitals to calm patients. Research also shows that people are more productive in blue rooms, for example, weightlifters are able to lift heavier weights in blue gyms (David Johnson â€Å"Color Psychology†). Pink is proven to reduce erratic behavior, and is therefore used in many prison holding cells (Think Quest). Due to its ability to tranquilize, sports teams sometimes paint the locker room of the opposing team pinks so their opponents will lose energy. White symbolizes neutrality and is used for truce flags. It is also worn by doctors and nurses to imply sterility (Johnson). The roots of studying the effects of color can be traced back to ancient cultures, such as the Chinese and Egyptians. They practiced â€Å"chromotherapy, or using colors to heal. † For example, â€Å"blue was believed to soothe illness and treat pain,† while â€Å"yellow was thought to stimulate the body† (Cherry). Just like color psychology received much skepticism in ancient times; it still receives much skepticism today. No matter how unaware we are of the physiological and psychological effects of color, there is no doubt that color has a huge impact on our lives, playing a role in moods, decisions, sensations, and much more.

Dulce Et Decorum Est - Critical Response Essay -- essays research pape

A poem which I have recently read is: â€Å"Dulce Et Decorum Est† by Wilfred Owen. The main point Wilfred Owen tries to convey in this poem is the sheer horror of war. Owen uses many techniques to show his feelings, some of which I’ll be exploring. Wilfred Owen is a tired soldier on the front line during World War I. In the first stanza of Dulce Et Decorum Est he describes the men and the condition they are in and through his language shows that the soldiers deplore the conditions. Owen then moves on to tell us how even in their weak human state the soldiers march on, until the enemy fire gas shells at them. This sudden situation causes the soldiers to hurriedly put their gas masks on, but one soldier did not put it on in time. Owen tells us the condition the soldier is in, and how, even in the time to come he could not forget the images that it left him with. In the last stanza he tells the readers that if we had seen what he had seen then we would never encourage the next generation to fight in a war. Owen uses imagery constantly to convey the conditions and feelings experienced during this war. Firstly I will be exploring Metaphor as it is used so much in this poem. The first metaphor which I will examine is: â€Å"Haunting Flares† on line 3 of the first stanza. This quote has so many connotations, my first opinion on this was that the flares which the enemy are firing to light up the battle field are said to be representing the souls of the soldiers fallen comrades. This could also be said to represent the power the enemy has on their own mortality as the bright flares would light up the battle-field exposing everything to their view, this indicates that the enemy always seem to have power upon the soldiers, almost godly. The second metaphor which I will explore is: â€Å"An ecstasy of fumbling† on line one of the second stanza. This metaphor is significant as it describes the quick manner in which the soldiers will have been trying to put their masks on. The soldiers would have been trying to put their masks on in a hurry but due to their physical condition their minds would have been wanting them to go faster than their body would have been allowing them, this is why there is said to be a: â€Å"Fumbling†. The term: â€Å"Ecstasy† would normally suggest a time of extreme emotion, normally joy, however in this situation it is used as a term of irony as this is a completely b... ...ration, onomatopoeia, rhyme etc. One of the sound types I will be looking at is Full or perfect rhyme. This sound type is significant as in Dulce Et Decorum Est at the end of each sentence rhymes with the one before the last. This is significant as when reading this poem you notice this rhyming scheme and take more time to stop and ponder over the significance of the language it is based around and what connotations that word has: â€Å"Bent double, like old beggars under sacks† and â€Å"Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs†. This is one of the most effective rhyming schemes in the poem. Due to every second line rhyming this makes your remember what the poet was trying to put across in the previous lines as all the different lines have a way of tying in with one another. Through reading this poem several times I decided that the message from the poem is that war is full of horror and there is little or no glory. Methods which I found most effective were Full rhyme and metaphor. Overall Wilfred Owen shows that there is no triumph in war, he does this by using the dying soldier as an example. His main point is that the old saying: â€Å"Dulce Et Decorum Est Pro Patria Mori† is a lie.