Critically reflect on my managerial role within my job Essay Example for Free

Critically reflect on my managerial role within my job Essay 1. Introduction With the development of society and economics, our world has become much more complex and changeful than years before. Todays managers have to be very sensitive to the changing of the environment, to understand and cope with the diversity of the world. As a result, the role management plays in private sector as well as public sector has become more and more important, both theoretically and practically. Elements of management could be found as early as in the building construction of the Pyramids in ancient Egypt. However, great progress has been made since last century in the study of management. The theories of management vary from culture to culture, from generation to generation. The following report is my understanding towards the principles of management and a reflection of my own managerial roles at work, referring to Mintzbergs ten principles. 2. About management theory The first theory of management was delivered by Henri Fayol, a French industrialist, in 1916. He defined management as to manage is to forecast and plan, to organise, to command, to co-ordinate and to control(Mc Ilwee T. and Roberts I., 1991, p.117). The other important management theories, such as Elton Mayos human relations movement, Max Webers idealized bureaucracy, and Henry Mintzbergs ten principles on management, have emerged subsequently. Here, I mainly want to introduce Henry Mintzbergs ten principles on management. * What is it? Henry Mintzbergs ten roles management theory was based on the study of five chief executives and a few others managers real lives. He described what he had seen as the roles a manager play, which were called ten principles on management. The ten roles are divided into three groups: interpersonal, informational, and decisional (see Figure 1). Figure 1 The Ten Managerial Roles The three interpersonal roles are radically considered the interpersonal relationships. In the figurehead role, the manager represents the organization in all matters of formality. Duties that involve inter personal roles may sometimes be routine, Nevertheless, they are important to the smooth functioning of an organization and cannot be ignored by the manager (Mintzberg H., 1989, p.15-16). The leader role defines the relationships between the manger and employees. In the liaison role, the manger maintains information links both inside and outside organization. The interpersonal roles make the managers more easily accept information. Thus, the three informational roles are primarily concerned with the information aspects of managerial work. The processing of information is a key part of the managers job (Mintzberg H, 1989, p.18). In the monitor role, the manager acts as the nerve centre for the organisation, receiving the latest, most concrete, most up-to-date information. In the role of disseminator, the manager transmits special information into the organization. In the role of spokesperson, the manager disseminates the organizations information into its environment. Information is not, of course, and end in itself; it is the basic input to decision-making (Mintzberg H., 1989, p.19). The decisional roles make significant use of the information. The unique access to information places the manager at the centre of organisational decision-making. There are four decisional roles. In the entrepreneur role, the manager tries to improve their organization by seeking effective ways of using resources and technologies. In the disturbance handler role, the manger resolves unexpected problems that threaten organizational goals. In the resource-allocating role, the manager decides how organizational resources will be used to meet planned objectives. In the negotiator role, the manager negotiates on behalf of the organization. Although the Mntzbergs ten managerial roles are described individually, they are hardly separated. No role can be pulled out of the framework and the job be left intact (Mintzberg H., 1989, p.19). So we should consider the Mntzbergs ten managerial roles as both interactive and integrated. * Why do I choose it? There are many definitions of management, and most of them are relatively concise and simplistic. However, management is a complex process much more complex than this simple definition leads us to believe (Griffin R. W., 1999, p.4). Although there are several other major approaches and theories that exist, such as the human resources, quantitative, and systems approaches, I believe that their impact on the management basics is not as greatly felt as that of the works of Mintzberg. Mintzberg focused on what the managers job and life is really like, applied the folklore and fact to managers, and got the ten managerial roles theory. Compared with other management theories, Mintzbergs work is considered as the best reflection of the practice in the real manager life, which analyses the managerial roles comprehensively. Many of them can be found in todays management ideas and practices. In addition, Mintzberg regards the ten roles as a whole, which makes us more easier understand the pro cess of management. 3. Critically reflect on managerial role within my work I worked in Liaoning Provincial Financial Bureau, taking charge of government procurement. Although I am not at the position of manager yet, I actually shoulder the equivalent responsibilities in the administration of work. Most of the ten managerial roles, which Mintzberg had mentioned in his article, were involved in my daily work. In addition, these roles do not exist separately, they connect with each other. Here is an illustration of my managerial roles at work with regard to Mintzbergs theory (see Figure 2). Figure 2 Firstly, the interpersonal roles help me get more useful information. With no title manager, the figurehead role seldom occurs in my work. But I actually perform the leader role. I should set goals and make plans to decide how the process of government procurement to be arranged. In the three interpersonal roles, I think the liaison role is the basic role in my work. From my personal experience, if I want to provide better services, I must contact with people both inside and outside. For example, I need make contacts outside to learn what the public sectors, which I am in charge of, want to buy this year, and then decide how government procurement can be arranged. In addition, I must connect with my colleagues to learn the other public sectors demands. In this stage, the communication is important. Communication is the exchange of information, facts, ideas, and meanings. Good communication is vital in organisations and lies at the heart of effective management. How to achieve effective communication? I conclude the following principles according to my work experience. Know what your objective is, Analyse situation, Use effective communication tools, such as mail, phone calls, meetings, etc., Make sure you understand what the others say properly. Secondly, the informational roles are the main constitution of my work. Everyday I seek and receive a great deal of information through interpersonal roles (monitor role), and then forward information to other organization members (disseminator role), and furthermore transmit information to outsiders (spokesman role). For example, I collect information from the suppliers and buyers, and then discuss this information with my colleagues. Afterward, I must pass on clear and definitive information to outside people who concern about it. In this stage, it is important for me to distinguish different kinds of information. Because I receive a great deal of information both internally and externally every day, I must tell immediately the informal information from those formal ones, so as to get precise and useful information for users both inside and outside. It is essential to establish a steady and efficient channel to achieve a free information flow. Thirdly, the decisional roles are the most important roles in my work. Of four decisional roles, I spend more time in the disturbance handler and negotiation role. I must deal with all the questions from suppliers and buyers, and coordinate among them. Sometimes, I get them together and make trade-off to get a win-win solution in some difficult transaction. From my work experience, I conclude that the ability to analyze, interpret, and solve problems becomes increasingly important for managers. It is crucial for managers to see the organization as a whole and the relationships among its various levels and visualize ways to make the organization more efficient and effective. These abilities are essential to effective decision-making. How to achieve effective decision-making? It depends on many factors. Quality of information, which you have received, is the key element of decision-making. In addition, the skill of disturbance handler and negotiation will help you achieve effective decision-making. 4. Conclusion We have learned lots of management theories. Mintzbergs ten managerial roles are the synthesis of theory and practice. It is helpful for management work. But I think we should pay more attention to practice of management. We should synthesize our own methods and habits that are suitable for our own area. It will eventually make the public administration more effective and efficient. Reference * Griffin R. W., (1999) Management, 6th .ed., Houghton Mifflin. * Mc Ilwee T., Roberts, I. (1991) Human Resourse Management. * Mintzberg H., (1989) Mintzberg On Management: Inside Our Strange World of Organizations, London: Collier Macmillan Publisher.

Love Poison Essay -- Social Issues, Mistrust, Jealousy, Power

What is love? Love is a strong affection out of personal ties. Those who misunderstand and misuse it will have terrible consequences, and those who know the true meaning of it will have benefit from it. The example of misunderstand it will happen when one person mixes s/he’s own feeling with love, something terrible. For examples: jealousy, manipulate one and others, mistrust and desire for power. In the Macbeth by William Shakespeare, love has taken into a lot of different forms some are bad and some are good. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth ‘s desire toward the crowned is one example of misunderstand of love. Lady Macbeth manipulates her husband to kill King Duncan is another example of misunderstanding of love. Later on Lady Macbeth is suffers from nightmare because she misuses the concept of love. Macbeth is suffering from his own problem which is the death prophecy. In the other hand, Maduff and his family is the one that are using the love in a positive way. The love p rotection from Lady Macduff to her son, from her son protects his father, from Macduff to protect his family. Even thought, Macbeth has order to kill Macduff family, Macduff is still survives the suffering, he uses this as his power to revenge for his family. Macduff become the victor in the end, which is the example of those who use it wisely can be either benefit from it or have good feedback. The first time that indicates Macbeth misuse that love as the desire is right after he heard about what witches have said to him. Him lost in his desire, â€Å"My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical, Shakes so my single state of man That function is smothered in surmise, And nothing is but what is not. ( Act 1, scene3, line 151-155).† At this moment he is alread... ...h’s head on his hand. He revenge for his son and his love, Lady Macduff and what he gain is a peaceful night with respect from others. He turned the anger into his power and blessed by his family. The one who knows how to use the love can benefit from it. Love is a lot of thing, sometimes love can show by kissing someone or just simply caring for someone. Sometimes people manipulate love into something else while thinking they are doing for the right reasons. Those who misunderstand and misuse it will have terrible consequences, and those who know the true meaning of it will have benefit from it. Those who does not use it properly will end up like Macbeth for losing s/he’s own mind. Those who use it property will end up something good, although during the process, there might be some obstacles, but as long as s/he can survive it, then it will all ends up good. Love Poison Essay -- Social Issues, Mistrust, Jealousy, Power What is love? Love is a strong affection out of personal ties. Those who misunderstand and misuse it will have terrible consequences, and those who know the true meaning of it will have benefit from it. The example of misunderstand it will happen when one person mixes s/he’s own feeling with love, something terrible. For examples: jealousy, manipulate one and others, mistrust and desire for power. In the Macbeth by William Shakespeare, love has taken into a lot of different forms some are bad and some are good. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth ‘s desire toward the crowned is one example of misunderstand of love. Lady Macbeth manipulates her husband to kill King Duncan is another example of misunderstanding of love. Later on Lady Macbeth is suffers from nightmare because she misuses the concept of love. Macbeth is suffering from his own problem which is the death prophecy. In the other hand, Maduff and his family is the one that are using the love in a positive way. The love p rotection from Lady Macduff to her son, from her son protects his father, from Macduff to protect his family. Even thought, Macbeth has order to kill Macduff family, Macduff is still survives the suffering, he uses this as his power to revenge for his family. Macduff become the victor in the end, which is the example of those who use it wisely can be either benefit from it or have good feedback. The first time that indicates Macbeth misuse that love as the desire is right after he heard about what witches have said to him. Him lost in his desire, â€Å"My thought, whose murder yet is but fantastical, Shakes so my single state of man That function is smothered in surmise, And nothing is but what is not. ( Act 1, scene3, line 151-155).† At this moment he is alread... ...h’s head on his hand. He revenge for his son and his love, Lady Macduff and what he gain is a peaceful night with respect from others. He turned the anger into his power and blessed by his family. The one who knows how to use the love can benefit from it. Love is a lot of thing, sometimes love can show by kissing someone or just simply caring for someone. Sometimes people manipulate love into something else while thinking they are doing for the right reasons. Those who misunderstand and misuse it will have terrible consequences, and those who know the true meaning of it will have benefit from it. Those who does not use it properly will end up like Macbeth for losing s/he’s own mind. Those who use it property will end up something good, although during the process, there might be some obstacles, but as long as s/he can survive it, then it will all ends up good.

Alternative Means of Transportation

Guilherme Cesa Academic Writing Sara Rayfield 04/18/2012 Instead of Horns, Voice Today, most of the big cities centralize interests in improving and encouraging the private means of transportation instead of public. Driving a car can be very comfortable and pleasant, but it causes serious problems. Because of this, we all must change our mind about the ways we move daily and find different ways for locomotion. Mobility is a very exciting thing; the feeling of freedom that it gives can be very rewarding.An example of that is the way society found to punish people: we put them in a prison and do not allow them to move for days, months or years. It is evident and natural that everybody needs to move around daily, whether it is to go to work or go to the supermarket. The most popular way of personal transportation in modern society is the car. A car represents much more than just a way of transportation. The idea of having a car these days transcends the basic idea of mobility; an automo bile represents status and wealth while using alternative ways for transport such as bus, train, or bicycle are depreciated by society as being worse.Looking at how society chooses to move within its territory can reveal a lot of things about what type of society it is. Giving priority to cars means not prioritizing the greater good; it is a selfish way of thinking. More cars being driven means more roads and parking lots, fewer public spaces and green areas, more traffic jams, and pollution. On the places that were supposed to have sidewalks, we now see a wide avenue, the park turned into a parking lot. Gradually, the cities are becoming a place adjusted for the cars instead of the dwellers.As many of the problems that vehicles may cause, the most discussed nowadays is the global warming. The air pollution made by cars and fossil fuel dependents increase the moisture level of the air, which causes the greenhouse effects. The pollution forms a layer around the atmosphere that makes the heat be reradiated from the surface to the atmosphere, causing the global warming. However, hope still exists for Planet Earth by the limitation of usage and dependency on fossil fuels.Besides the main problem that cars cause for the environment, cars nowadays are much cleaner than before, the problem is that we have a lot more cars being driven on the streets and polluting the earth. In addition, cars demand a large amount of raw material to be made and they produce a lot of waste. While driving the automobile, it is not only polluting gas that is being produced, it also affects the ground and water when the tires wear out and fluids, such as battery oil and gasoline, spill from the car.Alternative forms of transportation such as walking and bicycling for short distances, and train, subway, trolley, light rail, bus, and car pooling for longer distances may be a good solution to solve a lot of problems. It will not only help in the amount of pollution in the atmosphere but also would bring benefits in other aspects of our lives; we would save money, it would reduce other types of pollution such as water, land and noise, it would give us a better quality of life, we would spend less time in stressful traffic and the cities would become a more pleasant place to live in.Of course it is very difficult to convince people not to use their cars since we have an inexistent public transportation program; no buses, no trains, no bike lanes, and bad sidewalks. Once the authorities start improving the methods of transportation as well as promoting them, people will begin to see the advantages of changing one to another. Studies from the company EMBARQ have shown that cities can reduce up to 30% of the vehicular traffic over the next 3 to 5 years if improving the public transportation.A good example that this improvement can cause big effects in cities is the Los Angeles Metro promotion; their urban transportation system authorities are making an innovating campaign fo r the city. In order to reduce the traffic, clean the air and make their lives less stressful, Los Angeles’ transit authorities start trying to convince people about the benefits of using public transportation. The way they found to do so was improving as much as possible the service quality offered for metro and buses lines, making them cleaner and more comfortable.Then they worked to improve the image of it and get people out of their cars. They made buses appear more attractive with colorful paints and redesigned the metro stations with paint arts and music. At least, they started working on a marketing campaign to convince people to use their services and encouraging Angelinos to leave the car need. Another facet of public mobility that could replace the use of cars is cycling and walking. Better sidewalks and bike lines as well as providing free bikes rentals as many cities in Europe do would attract more people to use these means of transportation.Walking and cycling ca n be a very pleasant way to move from one place to another in short distances and the gains that it causes are numerous. It gives people a slower-pace routine, and using legs to ride a bike or walk is a very good exercise that improves a lot the body and mental health, it is free and can help to save a lot of money in gasoline and transport fares. It is also a pro-environment way of transportation that does not pollute, it helps to make a more attractive and green city where people can interact with others and with the city environment around them.As a conclusion, changing one way of transportation to another is an action that takes long to happen and it takes a lot of effort both from authorities and citizens. However, if it be done, it will bring positive results for the whole society. The cities would become a better place to live, with streets populated by people and not by cars. Work Cited Network, EMBARQ. â€Å"LA Metro: Promoting Mass Transport† Vimeo. 04 January 2010. Web. 19 April 2012. Pawley, Martin. â€Å"The War Against Car† Open Democracy. Globalization Transport. 8 May 2012. Web. 19 April 2012.

Advantages and Disadvantages of the Ccj as the Caribbeans...

What are the advantages and disadvantages of all Caribbean states having the CCJ as a finale appellate court? The ongoing debate about the establishment of the Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ), and whether or not it would benefit the people of the Caribbean or should be the final appellant court continues. The CCJ was established in 2001 and is based in Trinidad and Tobago. The objective of the CCJ was to provide for the Caribbean community an accessible, fair, efficient, innovative and impartial justice system built on jurisprudence reflective of our history, values and traditions while maintaining an inspirational, independent institution worthy of emulation by the courts of the region and the trust and confidence of its people.†¦show more content†¦Additionally, a statement was made by Lord Bingham in which he admitted that the local courts would be better off in dealing with these matters, and he stated: Surratt v A.G of Trinidad and Tobago - â€Å"To the extent that the answer to the present problem is doubtful, weight should be given to the judgment of Trinidad and Tobago courts. A judge sitting in a local constitutional environment, in which he has grown up and with which he is familiar, is likely to have a surer sense of what falls within the purview of the constitution and what falls beyond, than a court sitting many miles away†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Furthermore, Francis Jacobs - Privy Counselor and former Advocate General of the European Court of Justice had this to say: â€Å"A supreme court of high calibre has been established in the Caribbean which would be able to†¦develop a modern Caribbean jurisprudence in an international context†¦All possible steps should be taken to encourage the Caribbean to accept the jurisdiction of their own supreme court†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Independence as quoted from the Webster’s Encyclopedia English Dictionary, is defined as: â€Å"the state or quality of being free from influence, control, or determination of another or others.† The mainShow MoreRelatedAdvantages and Disadvantages of the Ccj as the Caribbeans Final Court of Appeal1425 Words   |  6 PagesWhat are the advantages and disadvantages of all Caribbean states having the CCJ as a finale appellate court? The ongoing debate about the establishment of the Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ), and whether or not it would benefit the people of the Caribbean or should be the final appellant court continues. The CCJ was established in 2001 and is based in Trinidad and Tobago. The objective of the CCJ was to provide for the Caribbean community an accessible, fair, efficient, innovative and impartial